# Phoneme Dictionary
English
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | ------------------ | ----------------- |
| aa | ɔ/ɑ | vowel |
| ae | æ | vowel |
| ah | ʌ/ə | vowel |
| ao | ɔ: | vowel |
| eh | e | vowel |
| er | ɝ | vowel |
| ih | ı | vowel |
| iy | i: | vowel |
| uh | u | vowel |
| uw | u: | vowel |
| aw | au | vowel |
| ay | aı | vowel |
| ey | eı | vowel |
| ow | əu | vowel |
| oy | ɔı | vowel |
| r | r | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| y | j | semivowel |
| m | m | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| ng | ŋ | consonant |
| l | l | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| p | p | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| dx | flap t （eg.butter） | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| g | g | consonant |
| k | k | consonant |
| zh | ʒ | consonant |
| sh | ʃ | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| v | v | consonant |
| dh | ð | consonant |
| th | θ | consonant |
| jh | dʒ | consonant |
| dr | dr | consonant |
| tr | tr | consonant |
| ch | tʃ | consonant |
| hh | h | consonant |
| mv | m̩ | vocalic consonant |
| nv | n̩ | vocalic consonant |
| ngv | ŋ̍ | vocalic consonant |
Spanish
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | --- | ----------------- |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| e | e | vowel |
| o | o | vowel |
| a | a | vowel |
| aj | a͡j | vowel |
| ej | e͡j | vowel |
| oj | o͡j | vowel |
| uj | u͡j | vowel |
| aw | a͡w | vowel |
| ew | e͡w | vowel |
| ow | o͡w | vowel |
| ja | j͡a | vowel |
| je | j͡e | vowel |
| jo | j͡o | vowel |
| ju | j͡u | vowel |
| wa | w͡a | vowel |
| we | w͡e | vowel |
| wi | w͡i | vowel |
| wo | w͡o | vowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| j | j | semivowel |
| l | l | consonant |
| p | p | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| k | k | consonant |
| g | ɡ | consonant |
| ts | ʦ | consonant |
| tss | t͡ʃ | consonant |
| dzz | ʤ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| jj | ɲ | consonant |
| nn | ŋ | consonant |
| r | r | consonant |
| for | ɾ | consonant |
| bb | β | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| dd | ð | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| ss | ʃ | consonant |
| jsl | ʝ | consonant |
| x | x | consonant |
| gg | ɣ | consonant |
| mv | m̩ | vocalic consonant |
| nv | n̩ | vocalic consonant |
| nnv | ŋ̍ | vocalic consonant |
Chinese
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | ----- | ------------------- |
| ii | z̩ | vowel |
| iii | ʐ̩ | vowel |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| v | y | vowel |
| a | ä | vowel |
| ia | jä | vowel |
| ua | wä | vowel |
| eh | e̞ | vowel |
| e | ɤ | vowel |
| uo | wo̞ | vowel |
| o | ɔ | vowel |
| io | jɔ | vowel |
| ae | ɛ | vowel |
| ie | je̞ | vowel |
| ve | ɥœ | vowel |
| ai | äi̯ | vowel |
| iai | jäi̯ | vowel |
| uai | wäi̯ | vowel |
| ei | e̞i̯ | vowel |
| iei | je̞i̯ | vowel |
| uei | we̞i̯ | vowel |
| ao | äu̯ | vowel |
| iao | jäu̯ | vowel |
| uao | wäu̯ | vowel |
| ou | o̞u̯ | vowel |
| iou | jo̞u̯ | vowel |
| an | än̯ | vowel |
| uan | wän̯ | vowel |
| aen | ɛn̯ | vowel |
| ian | jɛn̯ | vowel |
| van | ɥɛn̯ | vowel |
| en | ən̯ | vowel |
| uen | wən̯ | vowel |
| in | in̯ | vowel |
| vn | yn̯ | vowel |
| ang | äŋ̑ | vowel |
| iang | jäŋ̑ | vowel |
| uang | wäŋ̑ | vowel |
| eng | əŋ̑ | vowel |
| ueng | wəŋ̑ | vowel |
| ing | iŋ̑ | vowel |
| ong | oŋ̑ | vowel |
| iong | joŋ̑ | vowel |
| er | əɚ | vowel |
| ar | äɚ | vowel |
| uar | wäɚ | vowel |
| y | j | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| r | ʐ /ɻ | semivowel/consonant |
| b | p | consonant |
| p | pʰ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| d | t | consonant |
| t | tʰ | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| l | l | consonant |
| z | ts | consonant |
| c | tsʰ | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| zh | ʈʂ | consonant |
| ch | ʈʂʰ | consonant |
| sh | ʂ | consonant |
| j | tɕ | consonant |
| q | tɕʰ | consonant |
| x | ɕ | consonant |
| g | k | consonant |
| k | kʰ | consonant |
| h | x | consonant |
| mm | m̩ | vocalic consonant |
| nn | n̩ | vocalic consonant |
| ng | ŋ̍ | vocalic consonant |
Japanese
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | ------------- | ----------------- |
| a | a | vowel |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | ɯᵝ | vowel |
| e | e̞ | vowel |
| o | o̞ | vowel |
| ax | ḁ | voiceless vowel |
| ix | i̥ | voiceless vowel |
| ux | ɯ̥ᵝ | voiceless vowel |
| ex | e̞̥ | voiceless vowel |
| ox | o̞̥ | voiceless vowel |
| w | ɰᵝ | semivowel |
| y | j | semivowel |
| k | k | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| sh | ɕ | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| ch | ˈt͡ɕ | consonant |
| ts | t͡s | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| h | h | consonant |
| f | ɸ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| r | ɾ | consonant |
| g | ɡ | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| j | j | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| p | p | consonant |
| ky | kʲ | consonant |
| ty | tʲ | consonant |
| ny | ɲ | consonant |
| hy | ç | consonant |
| my | mʲ | consonant |
| ry | ɾʲ | consonant |
| by | bʲ | consonant |
| gy | ɡʲ | consonant |
| py | pʲ | consonant |
| dy | dʲ | consonant |
| vy | vʲ | consonant |
| kw | k | consonant |
| gw | ɡ | consonant |
| ng | ŋ | consonant |
| ngy | ŋʲ | consonant |
| v | v | consonant |
| fy | ɸʲ | consonant |
| rr | r | consonant |
| nv | n̩ | vocalic consonant |
| mv | m̩ | vocalic consonant |
| cl | 促音（そくおん）「っ」「ッ | - |
Korean
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
|---|
| a | a | vowel |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| eu | ɯ | vowel |
| e | e | vowel |
| o | o | vowel |
| eo | ʌ | vowel |
| ax | ḁ | voiceless vowel |
| ix | i̥ | voiceless vowel |
| ux | u̥ | voiceless vowel |
| eux | ɯ̥ | voiceless vowel |
| ex | e̥ | voiceless vowel |
| ox | o̥ | voiceless vowel |
| eox | ʌ̥ | voiceless vowel |
| y | j | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| g | k | consonant |
| gy | kʲ | consonant |
| gw | kʷ | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| ny | nʲ | consonant |
| nw | nʷ | consonant |
| d | t | consonant |
| dy | tʲ | consonant |
| dw | tʷ | consonant |
| r | ɾ | consonant |
| ry | ɾʲ | consonant |
| rw | ɾʷ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| my | mʲ | consonant |
| mw | mʷ | consonant |
| b | p | consonant |
| by | pʲ | consonant |
| bw | pʷ | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| sy | sʲ | consonant |
| sw | sʷ | consonant |
| j | tɕ | consonant |
| jy | tɕʲ | consonant |
| jw | tɕʷ | consonant |
| ch | tɕʰ | consonant |
| chy | tɕʰʲ | consonant |
| chw | tɕʰʷ | consonant |
| k | kʰ | consonant |
| ky | kʰʲ | consonant |
| kw | kʰʷ | consonant |
| t | tʰ | consonant |
| ty | tʰʲ | consonant |
| tw | tʰʷ | consonant |
| p | pʰ | consonant |
| py | pʰʲ | consonant |
| pw | pʰʷ | consonant |
| h | h | consonant |
| hy | ç | consonant |
| hw | hʷ | consonant |
| gg | k͈ | consonant |
| ggy | k͈ʲ | consonant |
| ggw | k͈ʷ | consonant |
| dd | t͈ | consonant |
| ddy | t͈ʲ | consonant |
| ddw | t͈ʷ | consonant |
| bb | p͈ | consonant |
| bby | p͈ʲ | consonant |
| bbw | p͈ʷ | consonant |
| ss | s͈ | consonant |
| ssy | s͈ʲ | consonant |
| ssw | s͈ʷ | consonant |
| jj | t͈ɕ | consonant |
| jjy | t͈ɕʲ | consonant |
| jjw | t͈ɕʷ | consonant |
| pc | p̚ | coda consonant |
| tc | t̚ | coda consonant |
| kc | k̚ | coda consonant |
| ngc | ŋ | coda consonant |
| mc | m | coda consonant |
| nc | n | coda consonant |
| lc | ɭ | coda consonant |
| nv | n̩ | vocalic consonant |
| mv | m̩ | vocalic consonant |
| ngv | ŋ̍ | vocalic consonant |
French
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | --- | --------- |
| p | p | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| k | k | consonant |
| g | ɡ | consonant |
| qm | ʔ | consonant |
| tss | t͡ʃ | consonant |
| dzz | d͡ʒ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| jj | ɲ | consonant |
| nn | ŋ | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| v | v | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| ss | ʃ | consonant |
| zz | ʒ | consonant |
| rr | ʁ | consonant |
| j | j | semivowel |
| l | l | consonant |
| hh | ɥ | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| i | i | vowel |
| y | y | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| e | e | vowel |
| two | ø | vowel |
| o | o | vowel |
| ee | ɛ | vowel |
| nin | œ | vowel |
| oo | ɔ | vowel |
| a | a | vowel |
| aa | ɑ | vowel |
| eh | ə | vowel |
| onp | ɔ̃ | vowel |
| eenp | ɛ̃ | vowel |
| ninnp | œ̃ | vowel |
| anp | ɑ̃ | vowel |
Italian
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | --- | --------- |
| p | p | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| k | k | consonant |
| g | g | consonant |
| ts | t͡s | consonant |
| dz | d͡z | consonant |
| tss | t͡ʃ | consonant |
| dzz | d͡ʒ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| jj | ɲ | consonant |
| nn | ŋ | consonant |
| r | r | consonant |
| for | ɾ | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| v | v | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| ss | ʃ | consonant |
| j | j | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| l | l | consonant |
| ll | ʎ | consonant |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| e | e | vowel |
| o | o | vowel |
| ee | ɛ | vowel |
| oo | ɔ | vowel |
| a | a | vowel |
Portuguese
| Phoneme in ACE | IPA | Type |
| -------------- | ----- | --------- |
| p | p | consonant |
| b | b | consonant |
| t | t | consonant |
| d | d | consonant |
| k | k | consonant |
| g | g | consonant |
| tss | t͡ʃ | consonant |
| dzz | d͡ʒ | consonant |
| m | m | consonant |
| n | n | consonant |
| jj | ɲ | consonant |
| for | ɾ | consonant |
| f | f | consonant |
| v | v | consonant |
| s | s | consonant |
| z | z | consonant |
| ss | ʃ | consonant |
| zz | ʒ | consonant |
| x | x | consonant |
| j | j | semivowel |
| w | w | semivowel |
| l | l | consonant |
| ll | ʎ | consonant |
| i | i | vowel |
| u | u | vowel |
| ii | ɪ | vowel |
| e | e | vowel |
| o | o | vowel |
| ee | ɛ | vowel |
| oo | ɔ | vowel |
| six | ɐ | vowel |
| a | a | vowel |
| inp | ĩ | vowel |
| unp | ũ | vowel |
| enp | ẽ | vowel |
| onp | õ | vowel |
| sixnp | ɐ̃ | vowel |
| eenp | ɛ̃ | vowel |
| anp | ã | vowel |
| uj | u͡j | vowel |
| ej | e͡j | vowel |
| oj | o͡j | vowel |
| eej | ɛ͡j | vowel |
| ooj | ɔ͡j | vowel |
| aj | a͡j | vowel |
| iw | i͡w | vowel |
| ew | e͡w | vowel |
| eew | ɛ͡w | vowel |
| oow | ɔ͡w | vowel |
| aw | a͡w | vowel |
| ujnp | ũ͡j̃ | vowel |
| ejnp | ẽ͡j̃ | vowel |
| ojnp | õ͡j̃ | vowel |
| sixjnp | ɐ̃͡j̃ | vowel |
| ownp | õ͡w̃ | vowel |
| awnp | ã͡w̃ | vowel |
---
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